No6(2) 2019
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DOI 10.37219/2528-8253-2019-6-04 |
Melnikov OF, Zabolotna DD, Zabolotnyi DI
Immunodiagnostics, immunotherapy and immunoprophylaxis in the department of
otolaryngology.
Message 1. Optimal indicators of systemic immunity in assessing the clinical
and laboratory status of patients with inflammatory diseases of the upper
respiratory tract (analytical generalization)
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Melnikov Oleg F.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine.
Head of the Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Immunology (with a group of
pathomorphology)
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: elenamelnykova@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-8647
Zabolotna Diana D
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine.
Head of Department of Rhinology and Allergology with a group of radiology
Doctor of Medical Sciences
E-mail: dianazab@ukr.net
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7807-8148
Zabolotny Dmitry I
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine. Director
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the National Academy
of Medical Sciences of Ukraine
E-mail: amtc@kndio.kiev.ua
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6701512931 |
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Abstract
Introduction: It is considered proven that the state of the immune
system determines the development and course of many pathological processes,
which are based on inflammation. At the same time, taking into account
current trends in assessing the immunological status, conditional variants
of deviation from the norm, a decrease in the number of cells from the
average statistical norm of the region and control parameters in the
performing laboratory by 1.5 or 2 times were adopted, since deviations are
within 30-60 % are borderline and quite easily compensated by the body. The
aim of the work was to conduct an integrated analysis of data to determine
the state of systemic immunity in inflammatory diseases of the upper
respiratory tract (URT) to select the optimal informa-tional indicators.
Materials and methods: Immunological methods were used to examine 260
people with inflammatory pa-thology of the upper respiratory tract, of which
82 had chronic tonsillitis, 76 with chronic rhinitis, 70 with chronic
pharyngitis and 32 people made up a control group of healthy donors. The age
of the subjects ranged from 16 to 60 years, the duration of the disease from
1 year to 5 years, female patients predominated (≈60%). Examinations were
conducted in the clinical remission stage. When assessing systemic immunity,
the number of T-lymphocytes (CD 3, 4, 8), B-lymphocytes (CD22), NK (CD56),
monocytes (CD14), concentration of immunoglobulins of classes M, G, A, E,
cytokines with regulatory properties, interferon-γ-IL4 were determined.
Functional tests in assessing systemic immunity are presented by determining
the cytolytic activity of blood mononuclear cells in relation to avian
xenogenic red blood cells and the activity of phagocytic blood cells in
relation to latex particles at the absorption stage. Statistical processing
was performed using the angular transfor-mation method "φ" according to
Fisher and the "one-sided" criterion "U" Wilcoxon.
Results: Based on a wide range of immunological studies in patients
with chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract, it seems most
appropriate to use the following laboratory tests to assess systemic
immunity to determine the characteristic deviations in the immune status of
patients:
High diagnostic value:
- decreased serum IgA concentration (<0.5 g/l);
- low level of activity of ECC of blood (<20% for xenoerythrocytes);
- increased level of interleukin-1β (> 25 pg/ml);
Relative diagnostic value:
- determination of the degree of dysimmunoglobulinemia in serum;
- increased titers of antibodies to streptolysin-O, other microbial
antigens;
- increased serum IgM.
Conclusion: The developed criteria and approaches in assessing
systemic immunity in patients with in-flammatory diseases of the upper
respiratory tract can be used to examine patients and assess the
effectiveness of the treatment. |
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Keywords
Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, сell-mediated and humoral
immunity. |
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