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No6(2) 2019

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DOI 10.37219/2528-8253-2019-6-12
Bredun OYu, Melnikov OF, Kosakovsky AL, Shuklina JuV, Tymchenko MD
Various surgical techniques influence on the local immunity state in the postoperative period in children's tonsils hypertrophy
Bredun Alexander Yu
National Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education Named After P.L. Shupik
Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Audiology, Phoniatrics
Associate Professor, PhD.
E-mail: abredun@ukr.net
ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5013-7318
Researcher ID: X-2623-2018

Melnikov Oleg F.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S. Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv, Ukraine.
Head of the Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Immunology (with a group of pathomorphology)
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: elenamelnykova@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-8647

Kosakovsky Anatoly Lukyanovich
National Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education Named After P.L. Shupik
Yead of Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Audiology, Phoniatrics
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: akosakovskyi@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7194-420X

Shuklina Julia Vladimirovna
Head of the Department of Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery Medical Center "Dobrobut"
Candidate of Medical Sciences
E-mail: shuklina.u@med.dobrobut.com
Orchid ID:

Timchenko Мarina D.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S. Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv, Ukraine.
Senior Researcher
Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Immunology (with a group of pathomorphology)
PhD
E-mail: svtim@i.ua

Abstract

Topicality: There are many conflicting opinions in the literature regarding the best surgical technique for the treatment of OSAS related to palatine hypertrophy – partial (tonsillotomy) or complete (tonsillectomy) removal of lymphoid tissue of the tonsils. Also, there are many opinions about the use of a variety of traditional and modern surgical instruments to reduce the volume of the tonsils, including using a laser, a radiofrequency knife, an ultrasonic knife, a shaver (microdebrider) and a coblator.
Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to compare the surgical methods effectiveness of tonsils hypertrophy treatment which the based on the restoration of the mucous membrane's local immunity function.
Materials and methods: Children who undergoing surgical treatment for palatine tonsils hypertrophy 2-3 degrees according to the Brodsky classification and the presence of OSAS took part in the study. The patients were randomized and divided into four comparison groups using different surgical techniques. The first group, which used the surgical technique of classical tonsillotomy (TT) included 28 patients, the second group, which used the surgical technique of intracapsular shavertonsillotomy(STT) included 18 patients, the third group, which used surgical technique of intracapsular coblationtonsillotomy (CTT), and groups which using surgical technique of tonsilloplasty included 12 patients (TP). Determined the state of local immunity before surgery and 1 month
after surgery by concentration levels of sIgA, α-IFN, IL-1β, TGF-1β and general-purpose immune complexes.
Results: Recovery of the concentration of the major marker of local immunity sIgA occurs significantly (P<0.05) faster when using the surgical technique of CTT and STT. Recovery of the concentration of the major marker of antiviral immunity α-IFN occurs significantly (P <0.05) faster when using the surgical technique of CTT, STT and TP. Recovery of the concentration of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β occurs significantly (P<0.05) faster with the use of the surgical technique of STT and TP. Indicators of the regeneration factor TGF-1β are significantly the highest when using the surgical techniques of STT, TT and TP. The concentration of immune complexes in the oropharyngeal secretions of patients with tonsil hypertrophy at 1 month after surgery significantly decreased with the use of surgical techniques TT and TP. Significant (P <0.05) increase in IgG level was de-
termined in all comparison groups except the group where tonsilloplasty was used.
Conclusions: The safety surgical technique of palatine tonsils volume reduction – TP and STT promotes significantly (P<0,05) faster restoration of concentration of the main mucous membrane's local immunity markers.

Keywords

tonsil hypertrophy, tonsillectomy, tonsilotomy, tonsiloplasty, state of local immunity.


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