No1(4) 2021
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DOI 10.37219/2528-8253-2021-1-04 |
Melnikov OF, Zabolotnyi DI, Zabolotna DD, Bredun AY,
Peleshenko NA, Rylska OG,
Timchenko MD, Faraon IV
Immunodiagnostics, immunotherapy and immunoprophylaxis in the clinic of
otolaryngology.
Message 2. Indicators of local immunity in assessment of clinical and
laboratory status of patients in inflammatory ENT diseases (Analytical
summary) |
Melnikov Oleg F.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine.
Head of the Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Immunology (with a group of
pathomorphology)
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: elenamelnykova@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-8647
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7006385903
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7003452154
Zabolotny Dmitry I.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine. Director
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the National Academy
of Medical Sciences of Ukraine
E-mail: amtc@kndio.kiev.ua
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6701512931
Zabolotna Diana D.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine.
Head of Department of Rhinology and Allergology with a group of radiology
Doctor of Medical Sciences
E-mail: dianazab@ukr.net
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7807-8148
Bredun Alexander Yu.
National Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education Named After P.L. Shupik
Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Audiology, Phoniatrics
Associate Professor, PhD.
E-mail: abredun@ukr.net
ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5013-7318
Researcher ID: X-2623-2018
Rylska Oksana G.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine
Department of Inflammatory Diseases of ENT Organs
Senior Researcher
Email: oxanar@ua.fm
Peleshenko Natalia O.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine
Department of Inflammatory Diseases of ENT Organs
Senior Researcher
E-mail: peleshenkon@gmail.com
Timchenko Мarina D.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine.
Senior Researcher
Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Immunology (with a group of
pathomorphology)
PhD
E-mail: svtim@i.ua
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7889-1152
Faraon Inna V.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Immunology
(with a group of pathomorphology).
E-mail: amtc@kndio.kiev.ua |
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Abstract
Topicality: It is considered proven that the state of the immune
system determines the development and course of many pathological processes,
which are based on inflammation. At the same time, taking into account
modern trends in assessing the immunological status, a mandatory component
is to determine the state of local immunity in the upper respiratory tract.
Aim: to conduct an integral analysis of data to determine the state
of local immunity in inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (URT)
to select the optimal necessary informative indicators.
Materials and methods: A generalization of the data of immunological
studies of 168 people with inflammatory pathology of the upper respiratory
tract (VDS) was carried out, of whom 42 had chronic tonsillitis (CT), 36 –
chronic rhinitis (HR – catarrhal form), 40 – chronic pharyngitis (CP), 28 –
secretory mean otitis media (CO), 22 people made up the control group (C) of
practically healthy donors. The age of the surveyed was from 14 to 60 years,
the duration of the diseases was from 1 to 5 years, female patients
predominated (~ 60%). The examination was carried out at the stage of
clinical remission.
The material for the research was mixed saliva, in which the content of
immunolobulins and citrokines was investigated by the ELISA method: enzyme
immunoassay, the following factors of immunity and inflammation in the CGS
were determined:
- secretory and monomeric form of immunoglobulin A (Hema Medica, RF);
- immunoglobulins of classes G, M (Hema Medica, RF);
- interleukins – 1β; 4; 8; 10 (Cytokine, RF);
- interferons α and γ (Cytokine, RF);
- pro- and defensins (Nucalt bioteknology, Netherlands);
- macrophage inflammatory protein-Mip-1b (Assauro, USA);
- salivary lysozyme (Diagnostik Nord, Germany).
Statistical processing was carried out using the methods of Student’s
t-criterion and angular transformation “φ” according to Fisher.
Results: Integral of all methods for determining various types of
immunity in diseases of the upper respiratory tract with a chronic course is
the insufficiency of factors of both innate and acquired immunity,
especially during the period of clinical remission of the disease.
A special role in protective reactions belongs to the humoral component, in
which the most stable indicator is the level of class A secretory
immunoglobulin; it has been shown that almost all the studied components of
the immune response had abnormalities in the presence of a chronic
inflammatory process in the upper respiratory tract and they can be
presented as a line the degree of decrease in the frequency of deviations:
secretory IgA, IgG., pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1β and IL-8),
γ-interferon, lysozyme, defensin-β, Mip-1b.
Conclusion: The developed criteria and approaches to assessing
systemic immunity in patients with inflammatory diseases of the upper
respiratory tract can be used in examining patients and assessing the
effectiveness of therapy. |
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Keywords
inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, local immunity, immunoglobulins
and cytokines. |
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