No3-4(5) 2022
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DOI 10.37219/2528-8253-2022-3-11 |
Shydlovska TA, Shydlovska TV, Kozak MS, Ovsianyk KV, Petruk
LG
Indicators of bioelectrical activity of the brain according to EEG data in
patients with acute trauma received in real combat conditions, taking into
account the effectiveness of medical measures |
Shidlovskaya Tetiana A.
State Institution “O.S. Kolomiychenko Institute of Otolaryngology of
National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine”; Kyiv, Ukraine.
Head of the laboratory of voice and hearing
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: lorprof3@ukr.net
Orchid ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7894-359X
Shidlovskaya Tamara V.
State Institution “O.S. Kolomiychenko Institute of Otolaryngology of
National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine”; Kyiv, Ukraine.
Laboratory of Voice and Hearing
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: doctor_sh@ukr.net
Kozak Nikolay S.
State Institution “O.S. Kolomiychenko Institute of Otolaryngology of
National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine”; Kyiv, Ukraine.
Laboratory for Occupational Voice and Hearing Disorders (with phoniatrics
group)
Leading Researcher
Doctor of Medical Sciences
E-mail: amtc@kndio.kiev.ua
Ovsyanik Kateryna V
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine.
The laboratory of voice and hearing
Candidate of Biological Sciences
Email: amtc@kndio.kiev.ua
ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-0861
Petruk Lyubov G.
Military Medical Clinical Center of the Southern Region
Department of Otorhinolaryngology
PhD
E-mail: amtc@kndio.kiev.ua
Orchid ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-7054 |
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Abstract
Topicality: The research conducted by the authors shows that acute
trauma in combat conditions is accompanied by persistent psychophysiological
disorders of the central nervous system, but a significant part of these
studies is based on clinical observation data. The technique of
electroencephalography (EEG) allows you to objectively assess the state of
the central nervous system and provides a better understanding of
neurophysiological processes in patients with sensorineural deafness (SND)
with acute trauma, which will contribute to the development of more
effective rehabilitation methods for this contingent of patients.
Aim: to evaluate the indicators of bioelectrical activity of the
brain according to electroencephalography (EEG) data in servicemen who
received acute trauma in real combat conditions, with different
effectiveness of treatment measures.
Materials and methods: 2 groups of servicemen with combat acute
trauma were examined: 1 group - patients with positive dynamics of
treatment, 2 group - patients with insufficient effectiveness of treatment,
and 15 healthy normal-sensing individuals of the control group. The
electroencephalographic study was carried out with the help of a computer
electroencephalograph of the company "DH-systems" (Ukraine).
Results: All patients underwent a comprehensive, instrumental
examination. The examined subjects had sensorineural deafness with a
descending, often abrupt, type of tonal audiometric curve, with the most
pronounced and reliable increase in hearing sensitivity thresholds in the
region of 4, 6, and 8 kHz.
According to the analysis of EEG indicators, in the patients examined by us,
the most characteristic were a decrease in the bioelectric activity of the
brain and disorganization of cortical rhythms with signs of dysfunction of
the diencephalon-stem structures. At the same time, the decrease in
bioelectric activity most often occurred in the frontal and temporal leads.
Thus, in patients of group 1, during the background recording, the content
of the delta rhythm was (13,61±0,37) and (9,96±0,29) %, respectively, which
significantly exceeds the control indicators (8,5±1,6) and (5,3±1,5) %
(Р<0,05). During photostimulation and hyperventilation in the frontal leads,
the content of slow-wave activity significantly exceeded the control
indicators. During photostimulation, the content of the
delta rhythm in patients of group 1 was (14,23±0,38) and (7,3±1,4) % in the
control group.
In the comparative analysis of EEG indicators between the studied groups, an
increase in the representation of slow-wave activity in frontal projections
and a decrease in the share of alpha rhythm in patients of group 2 is noted.
Thus, in frontal leads during background recording in patients of groups 1
and 2, the delta rhythm content was (13,61±0,37) and (16,95±0,25) %,
respectively. Moreover, these trends were preserved both during background
recording and during functional loads.
Therefore, patients with combat acute trauma have significant disturbances
in the bioelectrical activity of the brain according to EEG data. Patients
with pronounced disorders of the functional state of the central nervous
system are more difficult to treat with SNP.
Conclusions:
1. Military personnel with acute trauma received in real combat conditions
have objective signs of functional disorders in the cortical and deep
structures of the brain according to EEG data.
2. Prognostically unfavourable in terms of treatment effectiveness is the
redistribution of the main EEG rhythms in the direction of growth of
slow-wave activity on a disorganized background, especially in frontal
projections. It is advisable to take this into account when carrying out
treatment and preventive measures and developing rehabilitation measures.
3. Targeted treatment of sensorineural deafness in patients with combat
acute trauma should be carried out taking into account extraural disorders,
which allows to prevent the development of severe deafness. |
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Keywords
auditory analyzer, sensorineural deafness, acute trauma, bioelectric
activity of the brain. |
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